Causes of Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease, which is also known as gum disease and periodontitis, is a progressive disease which, if left untreated, may result in tooth loss.  Gum disease begins with the inflammation and irritation of the gingival tissues which surround and support the teeth.  The cause of this inflammation is the toxins found in plaque which cause an ongoing bacterial infection.

The bacterial infection colonizes in the gingival tissue, and deep pockets form between the teeth and the gums.  If treated promptly, the effects of mild inflammation (known as gingivitis) are completely reversible.  However, if the bacterial infection is allowed to progress, periodontal disease begins to destroy the gums and the underlying jawbone, promoting tooth loss.  In some cases, the bacteria from this infection can travel to other areas of the body via the bloodstream. Periodontal disease is irreversible. The goal is to get the disease stable and then maintained with periodontal maintenance appointments.

Common Causes of Gum Disease

There are genetic and environmental factors involved in the onset of gum disease, and in many cases, the risk of developing periodontitis can be significantly lowered by taking preventative measures. 

Here are some of the most common causes of gum disease:

• Poor dental hygiene 
• Tobacco use 
• Genetic predisposition
• Pregnancy and menopause
• Chronic stress and poor diet
• Diabetes and underlying medical issues
• Grinding teeth
• Medication
  

If you have any questions or concerns about the causes or treatments pertaining to gum disease, please call out office today.